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| MEMS > SEC Filings for MEMS > Form 10-Q on 12-Aug-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
12-Aug-2009
Quarterly Report
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains "forward-looking statements" that involve risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions that, if they never materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. The statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include any expectation of earnings, revenues, billings or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; factors that may affect our operating results; statements concerning new products or services; statements related to future capital expenditures; statements related to future economic conditions or performance; statements as to industry trends and other matters that do not relate strictly to historical facts or statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "will," "plan," "target," "continue," and similar expressions or variations intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management based on information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below, and those discussed in the section titled "Risk Factors" included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and in our other filings with the SEC. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.
OVERVIEW
We provide advanced semiconductor sensor and system solutions based on integrated MEMS technology and mixed signal circuit design. Our accelerometer products are used to measure tilt, shock, vibration and acceleration, and have a wide range of applications such as mobile phones, automotive safety systems and video projectors. We combine proprietary thermal-based MEMS technology and advanced analog mixed signal processing circuitry design into a single chip using a standard CMOS process. In many instances, this approach allows us to provide sensor solutions at a lower cost, with higher performance and greater functionality than our competitors. In addition, our technology platform allows us to easily integrate additional functions or create new sensors to expand into magnetic, touch and flow sensors and related applications.
We have experienced significant growth since our products were first commercialized in 2001 primarily in the sales of our products for mobile phone applications and automotive applications. Although our growth in 2008 was adversely affected by the slowdown in the mobile handset market in China, the May 2008 earthquake in China and generally weak global economic conditions, our revenue grew in the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 as a result of strong demand for our accelerometers in the mobile phone market in China.
The outlook for the balance of 2009 is uncertain. The U.S. and other global economies are continuing in a recession that has affected all sectors of the economy, resulting in declines in economic growth and consumer confidence, increases in unemployment rates and uncertainty about economic stability. Global credit and financial markets have also experiencing disruptions, including diminished liquidity and credit availability and rapid fluctuations in market valuations. Our business has been affected by these conditions and is likely to be affected by them in the future, and there is no certainty that economic conditions will not deteriorate further. These uncertainties affect businesses such as ours in a number of ways, making it difficult to accurately forecast and plan our future business activities. Deteriorating economic conditions may lead consumers and businesses to continue to postpone spending, which may cause our customers to cancel, decrease or delay their existing and future orders with us. In addition, the inability of customers to obtain credit could negatively affect our revenues and our ability to collect receivables. In addition, financial difficulties experienced by our suppliers or distributors could result in product delays, increased accounts receivable defaults and inventory challenges.
We expect that sales of our accelerometer products to continue to represent a predominant share of our revenue for the foreseeable future. We expect that sales of our first non-accelerometer products, including magnetic sensors and gas-flow sensors will begin to increase in the second half of 2009.
We sell our products either to distributors, which then resell to OEMs and ODMs, or to OEM and ODM customers directly. Historically, a small number of our customers have accounted for a substantial portion of our revenue, and sales to our largest distributor customers and OEM and ODM customers have varied significantly. This significant variation is in part due to the fact that our sales are made on the basis of purchase orders rather than long-term contracts. Although our distributors generally provide us with non-binding rolling forecasts, our distributors generally have up to 30 days prior to delivery to cancel or reschedule shipments pursuant to our distribution agreements. This arrangement has added to the fluctuation and unpredictability of our sales. Because our products are a component of our customers' products, our sales performance is significantly affected by the sales performance of our customers' products. It is difficult for us to accurately forecast our product demand because in the case where we sell our products to distributors, we may not know the identity of the distributor's OEM and ODM customers and information regarding their demand.
OEM and ODM customers' products are complex and require significant time to define, design and ramp to volume production. Our sales cycle begins with our marketing and sales staff and application engineers engaging with our OEM and ODM customers' system designers and management, which is typically a multi-month, or even multi-year, process. If such process is successful, an OEM and ODM customer will decide to incorporate our solution in its product, which we refer to as a design-win. Because the sales cycles for our products are long, we incur expenses to develop and sell our products, regardless of whether we achieve the design-win and well in advance of generating revenue, if any, from those expenditures. Although we do not have long-term purchase commitments from any of our distributor customers or OEM and ODM customers, once one of our products is incorporated into an OEM's or ODM's design, it is likely to remain a part of the design for the life cycle of its product. We believe this to be the case because a redesign would generally be time consuming and expensive. We have experienced revenue growth due to an increase in the number of our products offered, an expansion of our customer base, an increase in the number of design-wins within any one OEM and ODM customer and an increase in the average revenue per design-win.
We manufacture our products utilizing a "semi-fabless" model by outsourcing the production of CMOS wafers and completing the post-CMOS MEMS process in-house. By outsourcing the standard CMOS manufacturing process, we are able to more efficiently manage our capital expenditures and cost of goods sold.
Description of Certain Line Items
Net Sales
Net sales represent gross revenue net of an allowance for the estimated amount of product returns and sales rebates from our customers. Sales to distributors are made pursuant to distributor agreements, which allow for the return of goods under certain circumstances. We recognize revenue in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 48, or SFAS 48. While we sell our products to distributors as well as end customers, sales to distributors account for a significant amount of the total revenue.
Historically, our revenue has been derived primarily from shipments of our accelerometer products. The primary factors that affect our revenue are the sales volumes and average selling prices of our products. Growth in our net sales has generally been attributable to the increase in the unit volumes of our products, as the average selling prices of our products generally decline due to the following factors, among others:
• the semiconductor market is highly competitive, and as a result, the average selling prices of particular products generally experience rapid declines over the course of their respective product and technology life cycles. This trend has been particularly evident recently in the market for mobile phone applications. We seek to mitigate the impact of this trend on our business by continuing to rapidly design, develop and sell new generations of products with additional functionalities to replace older generation products;
• we may also reduce our product prices as we are able to increase our production yields by continuously improving the manufacturing efficiency or to reduce our manufacturing costs by re-engineering our product and reducing the overall material cost;
• we occasionally grant discounts or modified payment terms to our large customers or OEM and ODM customers for high volume purchases.
Net Sales by Application
In the second quarter of 2009, net sales from mobile phone applications were the largest component of our total sales, representing 52.0% of total net sales. We expect that net sales from mobile phone applications will continue to be the largest component of our total sales in 2009.
Net sales from automotive applications, in absolute terms, increased in the second quarter of 2009, primarily due to the volume production of one of our new automotive applications. However, we do not expect our net sales from automotive application will grow at the same rate for the second half of 2009 because the current global downturn in the automotive market will continue to affect our net sales from our older applications. To increase net sales from the automotive market, we will continue to seek to increase sales from new automotive applications and to expand our customer base. However, revenue increases, if any, from the automotive market will require significant time, as the development lead time in this market is generally longer than other markets in which we participate, and this market has been disproportionately affected by the current global downturn.
Net sales from consumer applications have fluctuated historically as a result of the generally short life cycle of consumer electronics and changes in our customer base. As our product offering and customer base for consumer applications continue to diversify, we expect net sales from consumer applications to fluctuate less. Net sales from industrial and other markets have been limited, and we do not expect revenue from these markets to contribute significantly to our total revenue in 2009.
The following table sets forth our net sales by application for the periods indicated by amount and as a percentage of our net sales (dollar amounts in thousands).
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2009 2008 2009 2008
Amount % of Sales Amount % of Sales Amount % of Sales Amount % of Sales
Mobile Phone $ 4,739 52.0 % $ 2,016 55.9 % $ 8,318 53.0 % $ 3,024 30.7 %
Consumer 2,211 24.3 (138 ) * (3.8 ) 3,531 22.5 3,279 33.2
Automotive 1,777 19.5 1,335 37.1 3,106 19.8 2,780 28.2
Industrial/other 390 4.2 391 10.8 737 4.7 779 7.9
Total $ 9,117 100.0 % $ 3,604 100.0 % $ 15,692 100.0 % $ 9,862 100.0 %
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* Reflects the reversal of $2.0 million torch revenue during the second quarter of 2008.
Net Sales by Customer Base
Our customers primarily consist of distributors, OEMs and ODMs. Historically, a small number of our customers have accounted for a substantial portion of our net sales. We expect that significant customer concentration will continue for the foreseeable future. We have customers representing 10% or more of our net sales, which combined accounted for approximately 78.8% and 71.6%, respectively, of our net sales in 2008 and 2007.
We have experienced and will continue to experience fluctuations in demand from a significant number of customers, including many of our largest customers. It is difficult for us to accurately forecast our product demand, particularly in the case of sales to our distributors, as we may not know the identity of the distributor's OEM and ODM customers and lack information regarding their demand, and recent adverse macro-economic changes have increased the difficulty of accurately forecasting product demand and revenue.
Occasionally, design changes in the products of our OEM and ODM customers have resulted in the loss of sales. For example, a design change in a product of a large OEM customer in 2007 for mobile phone applications resulted in a decrease of our sales to such customer in 2008. That customer accounted for 44.6% of our net sales in 2007.
Net Sales by Geography
Our products are shipped to OEM and ODM customers worldwide. However, we focus on different application markets among geographical regions. In the greater China region, our revenue has historically been primarily derived from products for mobile phone applications. We are also seeking to expand the consumer and industrial applications markets in the greater China region. In Japan, our revenue has primarily been derived from products for consumer applications, particularly projectors. We are also seeking to penetrate the automotive market in Japan. In North America, our revenue has primarily been derived from products for automotive applications. In Europe, our revenue has fluctuated. In 2008, we experienced a revenue increase from products for automotive applications in Europe.
The following table sets forth our net sales by geographical region for the periods indicated by amount and as a percentage of our net sales (dollar amounts in thousands).
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2009 2008 2009 2008
Amount % of Sales Amount % of Sales Amount % of Sales Amount % of Sales
Asia (excluding Japan) $ 6,241 68.5 % $ 880 * 24.4 % $ 10,844 69.1 % $ 4,320 43.8 %
Europe 259 2.8 299 8.3 681 4.3 687 7.0
Japan 987 10.8 993 27.6 1,282 8.2 1,891 19.1
North America 1,630 17.9 1,432 39.7 2,885 18.4 2,961 30.0
Other - - - - - - 3 0.1
Total $ 9,117 100.0 % $ 3,604 100.0 % $ 15,692 100.0 % $ 9,862 100.0 %
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* Reflects the reversal of $2.0 million torch revenue during the second quarter of 2008.
Cost of Goods Sold
We are a semi-fabless company. We outsource wafer production to third-party foundries and complete the post-CMOS MEMS and most of the packaging, assembly and testing functions in-house. We also purchase our ceramic packaging materials from third-party suppliers. Cost of goods sold consists of: (i) cost of wafer, ceramic and other materials purchased from third parties; (ii) manufacturing overhead, primarily consisting of salaries and wages of our quality control employees and manufacturing-related management employees, depreciation, and equipment and parts; (iii) direct labor, primarily consisting of salaries and wages of our manufacturing operators; and (iv) outsourced processing fees paid to our third-party packaging service providers.
Our relationships with third-party foundry and packaging service providers do not provide for guaranteed levels of production capacity at pre-determined prices. As a result, our outsourcing costs relating to wafer production, and to a lesser extent, packaging services, are susceptible to changes based on conditions in the global semiconductor market and our service providers' available capacity.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Our gross margin has decreased from 65.1% in 2007, to 47.9% in 2008 and 46.7% in the first six months of 2009. Our gross profit and gross margin are affected by a variety of factors, including average selling prices of our products, our product application mix, prices of wafers, excess and obsolete inventory, pricing by competitors, changes in production yields, and percentage of sales conducted through distributors. Our products for mobile phone applications, which are sold to distributor customers, have historically had lower margins than our products for automotive products, which are sold directly to our OEM and ODM customers, and this trend has accelerated recently. The increase in the percentage of our net sales in products for mobile phone applications in recent years has therefore had an adverse effect on our overall gross margin. Notwithstanding the relatively lower margin in the mobile phone applications market, we expect to derive an increasing percentage of our total net sales from that market because of the significant potential for further revenue growth from increased penetration in that market.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses are recognized as they are incurred and primarily consist of salaries and wages of research and development employees; research costs, primarily consisting of mask costs and prototype wafers, consulting fees paid for outside design services; travel and other expenses; and beginning in 2006, stock-based compensation under SFAS No. 123(R) attributable to our research and development employees.
Historically, research and development expenses have increased both in absolute terms and as a percentage of total net sales. We expect this trend to continue for the foreseeable future as we seek to diversify into non-accelerometer products and hire additional employees.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of wages, salaries and commissions for our sales and marketing personnel; consulting expenses, primarily consisting of sales consulting services and software application consulting services; travel expenses; independent sales representatives commissions; office rental; market promotion and other expenses and stock-based compensation under SFAS No. 123(R) While we expect the sales and marketing expense to increase in the long term as we continue to invest in sales and marketing resources to develop new market applications, expand our sales marketing network and engage in additional marketing and promotional activities, we expect such expenses to decrease in both absolute terms and as a percentage of total net sales in 2009 as a result of sales and marketing headcount reduction at the end of 2008.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses primarily consist of salaries and wages for administrative personnel; costs for professional services, including legal, tax and accounting services; depreciation and amortization expenses for non-manufacturing equipment; travel and entertainment expenses; office supply and other office-related expenses; office rental expenses; other expenses, such as utilities, insurance and provision for accounts receivable; and stock-based compensation under SFAS No. 123(R). We expect that our general and administrative expenses for 2009 in absolute terms will be consistent with 2008 levels. However, we expect that such expenses will decrease as a percentage of net sales.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense), primarily consists of interest income earned on our investments of cash and cash equivalents, and interest expense incurred on our borrowings and net foreign currency exchange gains and losses.
Provision for Income Taxes
We conduct sales through our headquarters in Andover, Massachusetts. Our Wuxi subsidiary is primarily engaged in manufacturing and engineering activities and does not conduct direct sales to customers. For internal accounting and PRC tax purposes, we account for the transfers of goods from our Wuxi subsidiary to our U.S. headquarters as sales, and calculate the transfer price of such sales based on a markup of manufacturing and operating costs. We believe the prices of these sales were consistent with the prevailing market prices.
U.S. Tax
In the United States, we are subject to the federal income tax and the Massachusetts state income tax, which are approximately at the rates of 34% and 9.5%, respectively. At December 31, 2008, the Company had gross U.S. net operating loss carryforwards of $1.4 million, which expire in the year 2028. Included within this amount is approximately $258,000 of excess tax deductions associated with non-qualified stock options that have been exercised. When these excess tax benefits actually result in a reduction to currently payable income taxes, the tax benefit will be recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. At December 31, 2008, we established a full valuation allowance against the U.S. deferred tax assets since we are in a three-year cumulative loss position in the United States. Our operating losses may be subject to limitations under provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.
Our policy is to reinvest any earnings of MEMSIC Semiconductor in our Chinese operations. We have not provided for the U.S. income taxes that could result from the distribution of such earnings to the U.S. parent. If these earnings were ultimately distributed to the U.S. in the form of dividends or otherwise, or if the shares of MEMSIC Semiconductor were sold or transferred, we would be subject to additional U.S. income taxes on these undistributed earnings.
PRC Tax
Our PRC taxes primarily consist of enterprise income tax, value-added tax, and certain other miscellaneous taxes. As of December 31, 2008, our Wuxi subsidiary had no PRC NOL carryforwards available to offset future PRC enterprise income tax. Beginning in 2009, our Wuxi subsidiary entered into a three-year period at a 50% reduced income tax rate.
Enterprise Income Tax
PRC enterprise income tax is calculated based on taxable income determined under PRC accounting principles. In accordance with "Income Tax of China for Enterprises with Foreign Investment and Foreign Enterprises," or the Foreign Enterprise Income Tax Law, and the related implementing rules, foreign investment enterprises, or FIEs, incorporated in the PRC are generally subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 33%.
The Foreign Enterprise Income Tax Law and the related implementing rules provide certain favorable tax treatments to FIEs which qualify as high-technology companies and are registered and operate in designated high-technology zones in the PRC. Our Wuxi subsidiary is a high-technology FIE registered and operating in a designated high-technology zone. Accordingly, under the Foreign Enterprise Income Tax Law, its implementing rules and several local regulations, our Wuxi subsidiary is entitled to a preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15%. In addition, our Wuxi subsidiary is entitled to a five-year tax holiday, pursuant to which it is exempted from paying the enterprise income tax for 2007, the year in which it first had positive accumulated earnings, and 2008. After the two-year exemption period, our Wuxi subsidiary will be entitled to a 50% reduction from the then applicable income tax rate for each year from 2009 through 2011. After the expiration of this five-year tax holiday period, a preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15% may apply for so long as our Wuxi subsidiary continues to be recognized as a "high-technology company especially supported by the PRC government."
To qualify as a "high-technology company especially supported by the PRC government" for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, a business entity generally must meet certain financial and non-financial criteria, including, but not limited to:
• products or services of the business falling under the scope of "high-technology especially supported by the PRC government";
• a minimum level of revenue generated from high-technology related sales or services as a percentage of total revenue;
• a minimum number of employees engaged in research and development as a percentage of total number of employees; and
• a minimum level of research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenue.
If the PRC central government or applicable local governments determine that our Wuxi subsidiary is not or no longer qualifies as a "high-technology company especially supported by the PRC government," our effective enterprise income tax rate would increase as a result.
In addition, as an FIE, our Wuxi subsidiary enjoys certain tax deductions for purchasing equipment made in China. Under the relevant regulation, if an FIE purchases Chinese-made equipment, and the price does not exceed the total investment amount of the FIE, for projects that fall within certain specified categories, 40% of the purchase price amount may be credited against the surplus between the amount of enterprise income tax payable in the current year and the amount paid in the previous year. If the credited amount is greater than the surplus, the excess amount can be carried forward for up to five years, subject . . .
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