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| SCHW > SEC Filings for SCHW > Form 10-Q on 5-Nov-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
5-Nov-2009
Quarterly Report
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
OVERVIEW
Management of The Charles Schwab Corporation (CSC) and its subsidiaries
(collectively referred to as the Company) focuses on several key financial and
non-financial metrics in evaluating the Company's financial position and
operating performance. Results for the third quarters and first nine months of
2009 and 2008 are shown in the following table:
Three Months Nine Months
Ended Ended
September 30, Percent September 30, Percent
2009 2008 Change 2009 2008 Change
Client Activity Metrics:
Net new client assets (in billions) $ 19.9 $ 24.4 (18 %) $ 62.5 $ 91.7 (32 %)
Client assets (in billions, at quarter end) $ 1,363.6 $ 1,304.5 5 %
Clients' daily average trades (in thousands) 318.5 334.8 (5 %) 342.2 320.3 7 %
Company Financial Metrics:
Net revenues $ 1,011 $ 1,251 (19 %) $ 3,207 $ 3,866 (17 %)
Expenses excluding interest 691 752 (8 %) 2,197 2,345 (6 %)
Income from continuing operations before taxes on
income 320 499 (36 %) 1,010 1,521 (34 %)
Taxes on income (120 ) (195 ) (38 %) (387 ) (599 ) (35 %)
Income from continuing operations 200 304 (34 %) 623 922 (32 %)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax - - - - (18 ) N/M
Net income $ 200 $ 304 (34 %) $ 623 $ 904 (31 %)
Earnings per share from continuing operations -
diluted $ .17 $ .26 (35 %) $ .54 $ .80 (33 %)
Earnings per share - diluted $ .17 $ .26 (35 %) $ .54 $ .78 (31 %)
Net revenue (decline) growth from prior year (19 %) (3 %) (17 %) 6 %
Pre-tax profit margin from continuing operations 31.7 % 39.9 % 31.5 % 39.3 %
Return on stockholders' equity (annualized) 17 % 31 % 19 % 31 %
Annualized net revenue per average full-time
equivalent employee (in thousands) $ 331 $ 371 (11 %) $ 345 $ 384 (10 %)
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N/M Not meaningful.
Economic and market conditions remained challenging in the third quarter of 2009, marked by declines in home valuations, further increases in home foreclosures and delinquencies, and continued tight credit markets. At the same time, a measure of optimism returned to the equity markets as the Nasdaq Composite Index, the Standard and Poor's 500 Index, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average increased 16%, 15%, and 15%, respectively, during the quarter. The equity markets were mixed when compared to the third quarter of 2008 as the Nasdaq Composite Index increased 1%, and the Standard and Poor's 500 Index and the Dow Jones Industrial Average decreased 9% and 10%, respectively. In addition, the low interest rate environment continued in the third quarter as the federal funds target rate remained unchanged at a range of zero to 0.25% and the three-month LIBOR further decreased by 32 basis points to 0.30%.
During the third quarter of 2009, clients remained actively engaged with the Company. The Company attracted $19.9 billion in net new client assets during the third quarter. Total client assets ended the third quarter at $1.36 trillion, up 5% from the prior year, reflecting the Company's success in continuing to attract and retain clients. Client trading activity slowed modestly in the third quarter as clients' daily average trades decreased 5% on a year-over-year basis to 318,500. This was the second highest third quarter trading activity in the Company's history - surpassed only by the trading volume experienced in the third quarter of 2008.
Net revenues decreased by 19% and 17% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008, respectively, primarily due to the decreases in asset management and administration fees and net interest revenue. Asset management and administration fees decreased in the third quarter of 2009 primarily due to money market mutual
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
fund fee waivers of $78 million in the quarter. Asset management and administration fees decreased in the first nine months of 2009 due to lower average equity market valuations and money market mutual fund fee waivers of $114 million. There were no money market mutual fund fee waivers in 2008. Net interest revenue decreased as a result of the low interest rate environment, partially offset by higher average interest-earning assets. These decreases were partially offset by the increase in other revenue. Other revenue in the first nine months of 2009 included a $31 million gain on the repurchase of a portion of the Company's long-term debt. Other revenue in the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 included a loss of $29 million on the sale of a corporate debt security. Net revenues were also negatively impacted by net impairment charges of $11 million and $38 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, respectively, relating to certain residential mortgage-backed securities available for sale. Net impairment losses on securities in the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 included an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $44 million related to a corporate debt security.
Expenses excluding interest decreased by 8% and 6% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008, respectively, primarily due to decreases in compensation and benefits expense, professional services expense, and advertising and market development expense. The decrease in expenses excluding interest in the first nine months of 2009 was partially offset by the increase in occupancy and equipment expense. Expenses excluding interest in the first nine months of 2009 include total facilities and severance charges of $99 million relating to the Company's cost reduction measures and a $16 million Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) special industry assessment that was recorded in the second quarter. Expenses excluding interest in the first nine months of 2009 were reduced by a net credit of $13 million relating to insurance recoveries of certain charges for individual client complaints and arbitration claims relating to Schwab YieldPlus Fund investments.
As a result of the Company's cost reduction measures and ongoing expense discipline, the Company achieved a pre-tax profit margin of 31.7% and return on stockholders' equity of 17% in the third quarter of 2009. Annualized net revenue per average full-time equivalent employee decreased 11% in the third quarter of 2009 compared to the same period in 2008 due to lower net revenues, partially offset by the decrease in average full-time equivalent employees.
CURRENT MARKET ENVIRONMENT
The market conditions discussed above continue to negatively impact the Company's revenues.
The Company earns mutual fund service fees and asset management fees based upon daily balances of certain client assets. Fluctuations in these client asset balances caused by changes in equity valuations directly impact the amount of fee revenue earned by the Company. If equity valuations decline when compared to corresponding year-earlier periods, asset management and administration fees will be negatively impacted on a year-over-year basis. Additionally, mutual fund service fees may be reduced if the current interest rate environment persists. The overall yields on certain money market mutual funds have fallen to levels at or below the management fees on those funds, and the Company is waiving a portion of its fees in order to continue providing a positive return to clients. To the extent these and other money market mutual funds find it necessary to replace maturing securities with lower yielding securities on an ongoing basis, the amount of fees waived may increase.
Given the low interest rate environment, the Company's revenue from interest-earning assets, such as securities held and loans to clients, has been declining more than the rates that the Company pays on funding sources, such as customer deposits. The Company's ability to reduce those rates has been limited as short-term rates have approached zero. Continuation of the current interest rate environment will negatively impact net interest revenue.
The level at which clients utilize margin loans will also impact net interest revenue. Although the average balance of margin loans for the third quarter of 2009 increased $744 million, or 12%, from the second quarter of 2009, the average balance decreased by $4.1 billion, or 37%, from the third quarter of 2008. The average yield earned on margin loans decreased to 5.04% for the third quarter of 2009 from 5.25% for the second quarter of 2009 and from 5.68% for the third quarter of 2008. The average balance of margin loans decreased in the first nine months of 2009 by $4.9 billion, or 43%, from the first nine months of 2008 and the average yield earned on margin loans decreased to 5.26% from 5.98% for the same period.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The Company recorded net impairment charges of $11 million and $38 million related to certain non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, respectively, due to credit deterioration of the securities' underlying collateral. Further deterioration in the performance of the underlying loans in the Company's residential mortgage-backed securities portfolio could result in the recognition of additional future impairment charges.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion presents an analysis of the Company's results of operations for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008.
Net Revenues
The Company's major sources of net revenues are asset management and administration fees, net interest revenue, and trading revenue. Asset management and administration fees and net interest revenue decreased in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008. Trading revenue decreased in the third quarter and increased in the first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 2008
% of % of
Percent Total Net Total Net
Change Amount Revenues Amount Revenues
Asset management and administration fees
Mutual fund service fees:
Proprietary funds (Schwab Funds® and Laudus Funds®) (34 %) $ 207 21 % $ 312 25 %
Mutual Fund OneSource® (12 %) 126 12 % 143 12 %
Clearing and other (18 %) 23 2 % 28 2 %
Investment management and trust fees (20 %) 70 7 % 88 7 %
Other - 25 3 % 25 2 %
Asset management and administration fees (24 %) 451 45 % 596 48 %
Net interest revenue
Interest revenue (28 %) 356 35 % 497 40 %
Interest expense 24 % (62 ) (6 %) (50 ) (4 %)
Net interest revenue (34 %) 294 29 % 447 36 %
Trading revenue
Commissions (2 %) 217 21 % 222 18 %
Principal transactions (20 %) 24 3 % 30 2 %
Trading revenue (4 %) 241 24 % 252 20 %
Other N/M 36 3 % - -
Net impairment losses on securities (75 %) (11 ) (1 %) (44 ) (4 %)
Total net revenues (19 %) $ 1,011 100 % $ 1,251 100 %
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N/M Not meaningful.
THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 2008
% of % of
Percent Total Net Total Net
Change Amount Revenues Amount Revenues
Asset management and administration fees
Mutual fund service fees:
Proprietary funds (Schwab Funds® and Laudus Funds®) (18 %) $ 780 24 % $ 949 25 %
Mutual Fund OneSource® (28 %) 321 10 % 446 12 %
Clearing and other (23 %) 66 2 % 86 2 %
Investment management and trust fees (27 %) 199 6 % 271 7 %
Other (3 %) 73 3 % 75 1 %
Asset management and administration fees (21 %) 1,439 45 % 1,827 47 %
Net interest revenue
Interest revenue (28 %) 1,063 33 % 1,485 38 %
Interest expense (16 %) (161 ) (5 %) (192 ) (5 %)
Net interest revenue (30 %) 902 28 % 1,293 33 %
Trading revenue
Commissions 7 % 679 21 % 634 17 %
Principal transactions (1 %) 93 3 % 94 2 %
Trading revenue 6 % 772 24 % 728 19 %
Other 113 % 132 4 % 62 2 %
Net impairment losses on securities (14 %) (38 ) (1 %) (44 ) (1 %)
Total net revenues (17 %) $ 3,207 100 % $ 3,866 100 %
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Asset Management and Administration Fees
Asset management and administration fees include mutual fund service fees and fees for other asset-based financial services provided to individual and institutional clients. The Company earns mutual fund service fees for shareholder services, administration, and investment management provided to its proprietary funds, recordkeeping and shareholder services provided to third-party funds, and transfer agent services (through July 2009). These fees are based upon the daily balances of client assets invested in third-party funds and the Company's proprietary funds. The Company also earns asset management fees for advisory and managed account services, which are based on the daily balances of client assets subject to the specific fee for service. The fair values of client assets, which include proprietary and third-party mutual funds, are based on quoted market prices and other observable market data. Asset management and administration fees may vary with changes in the balances of client assets due to market fluctuations and client activity. For discussion of the impact of current market conditions on asset management and administration fees, see "Current Market Environment."
Asset management and administration fees decreased by $145 million, or 24%, and $388 million, or 21%, in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008, respectively, primarily due to decreases in mutual fund service fees and investment management and trust fees, which resulted from money market mutual fund fee waivers and lower average equity market valuations of client assets.
Mutual fund service fees decreased by $127 million, or 26%, and $314 million, or 21%, in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008, respectively. Given the low interest rate environment in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, the overall yields on certain of the Company's money market mutual funds have fallen to levels at or below the management fees on those funds. As a result, the Company waived a portion of its fees which totaled $78 million and $114 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, respectively, in order to provide a positive return to clients. The decrease in the third quarter of 2009 was also due to a 7% decrease in the average balances of client assets invested in the Company's proprietary funds. The decrease in the first nine months of 2009 was also due to
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
decreases of 18% and 21% in the average balances of client assets invested in the Company's Mutual Fund OneSource funds and mutual fund clearing services, respectively.
Investment management and trust fees decreased by $18 million, or 20%, and $72 million, or 27%, in the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008, respectively, primarily due to temporary fee waivers of $21 million and $39 million, respectively, relating to client asset balances participating in advisory and managed account services programs. The decrease in the first nine months of 2009 was also due to lower average client asset balances in these programs.
Net Interest Revenue
Net interest revenue is the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets and interest paid on funding sources. Net interest revenue is affected by changes in the volume and mix of these assets and liabilities, as well as by fluctuations in interest rates and portfolio management strategies. The Company is positioned so that the consolidated balance sheet produces an increase in net interest revenue when interest rates rise and, conversely, a decrease in net interest revenue when interest rates fall (i.e., interest-earning assets generally reprice more quickly than interest-bearing liabilities). When interest rates fall, the Company attempts to mitigate some of this negative impact by extending the maturities of assets in investment portfolios to lock-in asset yields as well as by lowering rates paid to clients on interest-bearing liabilities. Since the Company establishes the rates paid on certain brokerage client cash balances and deposits from banking clients, as well as the rates charged on receivables from brokerage clients, and also controls the composition of its investment securities, it has some ability to manage its net interest spread. However, the spread is influenced by external factors such as the interest rate environment and competition. For discussion of the impact of current market conditions on net interest revenue, see "Current Market Environment."
In clearing its clients' trades, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab) holds cash balances payable to clients. In most cases, Schwab pays its clients interest on cash balances awaiting investment, and may invest these funds and earn interest revenue. Receivables from brokerage clients consist primarily of margin loans to brokerage clients. Margin loans are loans made by Schwab to clients on a secured basis to purchase securities. Pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations, client cash balances that are not used for margin lending are generally segregated into investment accounts that are maintained for the exclusive benefit of clients which are recorded in cash and investments segregated on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The Company's interest-earning assets are financed primarily by brokerage client cash balances and deposits from banking clients. Other funding sources include non-interest-bearing brokerage client cash balances and proceeds from stock-lending activities, as well as stockholders' equity.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following tables present net interest revenue information corresponding to interest-earning assets and funding sources on the condensed consolidated balance sheet:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 2008
Interest Average Interest Average
Average Revenue/ Yield/ Average Revenue/ Yield/
Balance Expense Rate Balance Expense Rate
Interest-earning assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 9,366 $ 7 0.30 % $ 4,333 $ 27 2.48 %
Cash and investments segregated 16,584 16 0.38 % 10,506 64 2.42 %
Broker-related receivables (1) 383 - 0.14 % 435 2 1.83 %
Receivables from brokerage clients 7,006 89 5.04 % 11,133 159 5.68 %
Other securities owned (2) 158 - 0.87 % - - -
Securities available for sale (3) 18,942 127 2.66 % 13,493 145 4.28 %
Securities held to maturity 2,874 28 3.87 % - - -
Loans to banking clients 6,795 61 3.56 % 5,232 62 4.71 %
Loans held for sale 69 1 5.75 % 51 1 7.80 %
Total interest-earning assets 62,177 329 2.10 % 45,183 460 4.05 %
Other interest revenue 27 37
Total interest-earning assets $ 62,177 $ 356 2.27 % $ 45,183 $ 497 4.38 %
Funding sources:
Deposits from banking clients $ 33,792 $ 32 0.38 % $ 20,416 $ 22 0.43 %
Payables to brokerage clients (2) 18,474 - 0.01 % 15,084 6 0.16 %
Short-term borrowings (4) - - - 47 - 2.27 %
Long-term debt 1,535 22 5.69 % 882 14 6.31 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities 53,801 54 0.40 % 36,429 42 0.46 %
Non-interest-bearing funding sources 8,376 8,754
Provision for credit losses 7 5
Other interest expense 1 3
Total funding sources $ 62,177 $ 62 0.39 % $ 45,183 $ 50 0.44 %
Net interest revenue $ 294 1.88 % $ 447 3.94 %
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(1) Includes receivables from brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations. Interest revenue on broker-related receivables was less than $500,000 in the third quarter of 2009.
(2) Interest revenue on other securities owned and interest expense on payables to brokerage clients was less than $500,000 in the third quarter of 2009.
(3) Amounts have been calculated based on amortized cost.
(4) Interest expense on short-term borrowings was less than $500,000 in the third quarter of 2008.
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